Inverteri ya Photovoltaque ifite amahame akomeye ya tekiniki nka inverter zisanzwe. Inverter iyariyo yose igomba kuba yujuje ibipimo bya tekiniki bikurikira kugirango bifatwe nkibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa.
1. Ibisohoka Umuvuduko Uhagaze
Muri sisitemu ya Photovoltaque, ingufu z'amashanyarazi zituruka ku mirasire y'izuba zibanza kubikwa na bateri, hanyuma igahinduka 220V cyangwa 380V ihinduranya amashanyarazi binyuze muri inverter. Nyamara, bateri yibasiwe nubushake bwayo no gusohora, kandi voltage yayo isohoka iratandukanye cyane. Kurugero, kuri bateri ifite nomero 12V, agaciro kayo ya voltage irashobora gutandukana hagati ya 10.8 na 14.4V (kurenza iyi ntera irashobora kwangiza bateri). Kuri inverter yujuje ibyangombwa, mugihe iyinjizwa ryumubyigano rihindagurika murirwo rwego, ihinduka ryumubyigano uhoraho wa leta ntirishobora kurenga ± 5% byagaciro kagenwe, kandi mugihe umutwaro uhindutse gitunguranye, gutandukana kwa voltage ntigomba kurenga ± 10 % by'agaciro kagenwe.
2. Kugoreka kwa Waveform yo gusohora amashanyarazi
Kuri iniverisite ya sine, ntarengwa byemewe kwemererwa kugoreka (cyangwa ibirimo guhuza) bigomba gutomorwa. Mubisanzwe bigaragazwa nkuburyo bugoretse bwo kugoreka ibisohoka voltage, agaciro kayo ntigomba kurenga 5% (icyiciro kimwe gisohoka cyemerera 10%). Kubera ko urwego rwohejuru ruhuza ibyasohotse na inverter bizabyara igihombo cyinyongera nka eddy yumuvuduko wumutwaro wa inductive, niba kugoreka imivurungano ya inverter ari nini cyane, bizatera ubushyuhe bukabije bwibintu bitwara imizigo, ntabwo bifasha umutekano wibikoresho byamashanyarazi kandi bigira ingaruka zikomeye kuri sisitemu. imikorere myiza.
3. Ikigereranyo gisohoka inshuro
Ku mizigo irimo moteri, nk'imashini imesa, firigo, nibindi, kubera ko inshuro nziza ya moteri ari 50Hz, inshuro ni ndende cyane cyangwa nkeya, ibyo bigatuma ibikoresho bishyuha kandi bigabanya imikorere ikora nubuzima bwa serivisi Bya Sisitemu. Ibisohoka inshuro bigomba kuba bifite agaciro gahamye, mubisanzwe ingufu za 50Hz, kandi gutandukana kwayo bigomba kuba muri ± 1% mugihe gisanzwe cyakazi.
4. Umutwaro w'ingufu
Kuranga ubushobozi bwa inverter yo gutwara imitwaro ya inductive cyangwa capacitive. Imbaraga zumutwaro wa sine wave inverter ni 0.7 kugeza 0.9, naho agaciro kagereranijwe ni 0.9. Kubijyanye nimbaraga runaka yumutwaro, niba ibintu byingufu za inverter ari bike, ubushobozi bukenewe bwa inverter buziyongera, ibyo bizamura igiciro kandi byongere imbaraga zigaragara zumuzunguruko wa AC wa sisitemu ya fotora. Mugihe cyiyongera, igihombo kiziyongera byanze bikunze, kandi imikorere ya sisitemu nayo izagabanuka.
5. Gukora neza
Imikorere ya inverter yerekeza ku kigereranyo cyimbaraga zisohoka nimbaraga zinjiza mugihe cyagenwe cyakazi, cyerekanwe nkijanisha. Muri rusange, imikorere yizina ya fotovoltaque inverter yerekana umutwaro urwanya imbaraga, munsi yumutwaro wa 80%. s imikorere. Kubera ko muri rusange ikiguzi cya sisitemu ya Photovoltaque ari kinini, imikorere ya inverter ya Photovoltaque igomba kwaguka cyane, ikiguzi cya sisitemu kigomba kugabanuka, kandi ikiguzi-cyiza cya sisitemu yo gufotora kigomba kunozwa. Kugeza ubu, imikorere yizina rya inverteri yimbere iri hagati ya 80% na 95%, kandi imikorere yingufu nkeya irasabwa kuba munsi ya 85%. Muburyo nyabwo bwo gushushanya sisitemu ya Photovoltaque, ntigomba gutoranywa gusa inverteri yo hejuru cyane, ariko mugihe kimwe, sisitemu igomba gushyirwaho muburyo bwuzuye kugirango sisitemu yimikorere ya fotokolta ikore hafi yuburyo bwiza bushoboka.
6. Ibipimo byasohotse bigezweho (cyangwa ubushobozi bwo gusohora umusaruro)
Yerekana ibipimo byasohotse byasohotse muri inverter murwego rwerekanwe imbaraga zingirakamaro. Ibicuruzwa bimwe bya inverter bitanga umusaruro washyizwe ahagaragara, bigaragarira muri VA cyangwa kVA. Ubushobozi bwapimwe bwa inverter ni mugihe ibintu bisohoka imbaraga ari 1 (ni ukuvuga umutwaro urwanya umutwaro), ibipimo byasohotse byapimwe nigicuruzwa cyibisubizo byatanzwe.
7. Ingamba zo gukingira
Inverter ifite imikorere myiza igomba kandi kuba ifite ibikorwa byuzuye byo kurinda cyangwa ingamba zo guhangana nuburyo butandukanye budasanzwe mugihe gikoreshwa nyirizina, kugirango inverter ubwayo nibindi bice bya sisitemu bitangirika.
(1) Shyiramo politiki ya undervoltage nyirubwite:
Iyo kwinjiza voltage iri munsi ya 85% ya voltage yagenwe, inverter igomba kugira uburinzi no kwerekana.
(2) Kwinjiza konti yubwishingizi burenze urugero:
Iyo kwinjiza voltage birenze 130% bya voltage yagenwe, inverter igomba kugira uburinzi no kwerekana.
(3) Kurinda birenze urugero:
Kurinda-kurenza kurinda inverter bigomba gushobora kwemeza mugihe gikwiye mugihe umutwaro uzunguruka mugihe gito cyangwa ikigezweho kirenze agaciro kemewe, kugirango wirinde kwangizwa numuyaga mwinshi. Mugihe ibikorwa byakazi birenze 150% byagaciro kagenwe, inverter igomba kuba ishobora guhita irinda.
(4) Ibisohoka garanti yumuzunguruko
Inverter ngufi-izunguruka yo gukingira ibikorwa ntigomba kurenza 0.5s.
(5) Ongera uhindure polarite irinda:
Iyo inkingi nziza nibibi byinjiza byanyuma byahinduwe, inverter igomba kugira imikorere yo kurinda no kwerekana.
(6) Kurinda inkuba:
Inverter igomba kugira inkuba.
(7) Kurinda ubushyuhe, nibindi.
Byongeye kandi, kuri inverter idafite ingamba zo guhagarika ingufu za voltage, inverter igomba kandi kugira ingamba zo gukingira birenze urugero kugirango irinde umutwaro kwangirika kwinshi.
8. Gutangira ibiranga
Kuranga ubushobozi bwa inverter yo gutangirana numutwaro nibikorwa mugihe gikora. Inverter igomba kwemezwa gutangira kwizerwa munsi yumutwaro wagenwe.
9. urusaku
Guhindura, gushungura inductors, amashanyarazi ya electronique hamwe nabafana mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byose bitanga urusaku. Iyo inverter iri mubikorwa bisanzwe, urusaku rwayo ntirugomba kurenga 80dB, kandi urusaku rwa inverter nto ntirurenga 65dB.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-08-2022
