Mbere yo kuzamuka kwinganda zifotora, tekinoroji ya inverter cyangwa inverter yakoreshwaga cyane cyane mubikorwa nko gutambutsa gari ya moshi no gutanga amashanyarazi. Nyuma yo kuzamuka kwinganda zifotora, inverter ya fotovoltaque yabaye ibikoresho byibanze muri sisitemu nshya yo kubyara ingufu, kandi iramenyerewe na bose. By'umwihariko mu bihugu byateye imbere mu Burayi no muri Amerika, kubera igitekerezo kizwi cyane cyo kuzigama ingufu no kurengera ibidukikije, isoko ry'amafoto ryateye imbere mbere, cyane cyane iterambere ryihuse rya sisitemu yo gufotora mu ngo. Mu bihugu byinshi, inverters zo murugo zakoreshejwe nkibikoresho byo murugo, kandi igipimo cyo kwinjira ni kinini.
Inverter ya Photovoltaque ihindura amashanyarazi ataziguye yakozwe na moderi ya fotovoltaque ihinduranya amashanyarazi hanyuma ikayigaburira muri gride. Imikorere no kwizerwa bya inverter igena ubwiza bwingufu nimbaraga zitanga amashanyarazi. Kubwibyo, inverter ya Photovoltaque iri murwego rwa sisitemu yose yo kubyara amashanyarazi. imiterere.
Muri byo, imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro ifata umugabane munini ku isoko mu byiciro byose, kandi ni n'intangiriro y'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryose ridahinduka. Ugereranije nubundi bwoko bwa inverter, grid-ihuza inverter iroroshye muburyo bwikoranabuhanga, yibanda kumafoto ya fotora na enterineti. Imbaraga zizewe, zizewe, zikora neza, kandi zujuje ubuziranenge zisohoka zahindutse intumbero nkiyi inverter. ibipimo bya tekiniki. Muburyo bwa tekiniki ya gride ihujwe na fotovoltaque inverteri yakozwe mubihugu bitandukanye, ingingo zavuzwe haruguru zahindutse ingingo zipima ibipimo bisanzwe, byanze bikunze, ibisobanuro birambuye biratandukanye. Kuri gride ihujwe na inverter, ibisabwa byose bya tekiniki byibanze ku kuzuza ibisabwa bya gride ya sisitemu yagabanijwe, kandi ibisabwa byinshi biva mubisabwa na gride kuri inverter, ni ukuvuga hejuru-hasi ibisabwa. Nka voltage, ibisobanuro byumurongo, ibisabwa byubuziranenge bwimbaraga, umutekano, ibisabwa kugenzura mugihe amakosa abaye. Nuburyo ki bwo guhuza gride, niki urwego rwa voltage urwego rwamashanyarazi rwinjizamo, nibindi, nuko rero imiyoboro ihujwe na gride ihora ikenera kubahiriza ibisabwa na gride, ntabwo biva mubisabwa imbere muri sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi. Kandi duhereye kuri tekiniki ya tekiniki, ingingo yingenzi cyane ni uko imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro ya "gride ihuza amashanyarazi", ni ukuvuga ko itanga ingufu iyo ihuye na gride ihuza imiterere. mubibazo byo gucunga ingufu muri sisitemu ya Photovoltaque, biroroshye rero. Nibyoroshye nkubucuruzi bwubucuruzi bwamashanyarazi butanga. Nk’uko imibare y’amahanga ibigaragaza, ibice birenga 90% bya sisitemu ya Photovoltaque yubatswe kandi ikora ni sisitemu ihuza imiyoboro ya fotora, kandi ikoreshwa na gride ihuza imiyoboro.
Urwego rwa inverter zinyuranye na grid-ihuza inverters ni off-grid inverters. Inverteri ya off-grid isobanura ko ibisohoka muri inverter bidahujwe na gride, ahubwo bihujwe numutwaro, utwara imitwaro kugirango itange ingufu. Hano haribisabwa bike bya off-grid inverters, cyane cyane mubice bimwe na bimwe byitaruye, aho imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro itaboneka, imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro ni mibi, cyangwa hakenewe kwiyubaka no kwikenura, kuzimya -grid sisitemu ishimangira "kwiyubaka-no kwifashisha". . Kwerekana inzira yo kugabanuka.Nyamara, imikorere ya off-grid inverters hamwe nikoranabuhanga ririmo ntabwo byoroshye, cyane cyane kubufatanye na bateri zibika ingufu, kugenzura no gucunga sisitemu yose biragoye kuruta imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro kuvugwa ko sisitemu igizwe na inverteri ya off-grid, panne yifoto, bateri, imizigo nibindi bikoresho bimaze kuba sisitemu yoroshye ya micro-grid.
Mubyukuri,in-grid invertersni ishingiro ryiterambere ryibice byombi. Impinduka zinyuranye zihuza mubyukuri biranga tekiniki yibiranga imiyoboro ihujwe na gride ihujwe na enterineti, kandi ikoreshwa mumashanyarazi atanga amashanyarazi cyangwa sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi. Iyo ikoreshejwe muburyo bubangikanye na gride ya power. Nubwo muri iki gihe nta porogaramu nyinshi zikoreshwa muri ubu bwoko, kubera ko ubu bwoko bwa sisitemu ari prototype yiterambere rya microgrid, irahuye nibikorwa remezo nuburyo bwubucuruzi bwogukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mugihe kizaza. na kazoza ka microgrid ya porogaramu. Mubyukuri, mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe n’amasoko aho amafoto y’amashanyarazi atera imbere byihuse kandi akuze, ikoreshwa rya microgrid mu ngo no mu duce duto ryatangiye gutera imbere buhoro. Muri icyo gihe, ubuyobozi bw’ibanze bushishikarizwa guteza imbere amashanyarazi y’ibanze, kubika no gukoresha imiyoboro hamwe n’imiryango nkibice, bigashyira imbere ingufu z’amashanyarazi mashya yo kwifashisha, ndetse n’igice kidahagije kiva mu mashanyarazi. Kubwibyo, inverteri yuburyo bubiri igomba gutekereza kubikorwa byinshi byo kugenzura nibikorwa byo gucunga ingufu, nko kwishyuza bateri no kugenzura ibicuruzwa, guhuza imiyoboro ya gride / guhuza ibikorwa, hamwe ningamba zo gutanga amashanyarazi yizewe. Byose muribyose, inverter yuburyo bubiri izakina ibikorwa byingenzi byo kugenzura no gucunga uhereye kuri sisitemu yose, aho gusuzuma gusa ibisabwa bya gride cyangwa umutwaro.
Nka kimwe mu byerekezo byiterambere byumurongo wamashanyarazi, amashanyarazi yaho, gukwirakwiza no gukoresha amashanyarazi yubatswe hamwe ningufu nshya zibyara ingufu nkibyingenzi bizaba bumwe muburyo nyamukuru bwiterambere rya microgrid mugihe kizaza. Muri ubu buryo, microgrid yaho izakora imikoranire hagati ya gride nini, kandi microgrid ntizongera gukorera hafi kuri gride nini, ahubwo izakora cyane yigenga, ni ukuvuga muburyo bwizinga. Kugirango duhuze umutekano wakarere kandi dushyire imbere gukoresha ingufu zizewe, uburyo bwo guhuza imiyoboro ya gride bushingwa gusa mugihe ingufu zaho ari nyinshi cyangwa zikeneye gukurwa mumashanyarazi yo hanze. Kugeza ubu, kubera imiterere idakuze y’ikoranabuhanga na politiki zitandukanye, microgrids ntabwo zashyizwe mu bikorwa ku rugero runini, kandi umubare muto w’imishinga yo kwerekana urimo ukora, kandi inyinshi muri iyo mishinga ihujwe na gride. Microgrid inverter ikomatanya ibintu bya tekiniki biranga ibyerekezo byombi kandi ikina umurimo wingenzi wo gucunga imiyoboro. Nuburyo busanzwe bwo kugenzura no guhinduranya imashini ihuza inverter, kugenzura no kuyobora. Ifata imicungire yingufu zaho, kugenzura imizigo, gucunga bateri, inverter, kurinda nibindi bikorwa. Bizarangiza imikorere yubuyobozi bwa microgrid yose hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu za microgrid (MGEMS), kandi izaba ibikoresho byibanze byo kubaka sisitemu ya microgrid. Ugereranije na gride ya mbere ihujwe na inverter mugutezimbere tekinoroji ya inverter, yatandukanije numurimo mwiza wa inverter kandi itwara umurimo wo gucunga microcrid no kugenzura, yitondera kandi ikemura ibibazo bimwe na bimwe kurwego rwa sisitemu. Ingufu zo kubika ingufu zitanga ibyerekezo byombi, guhinduka kwubu, hamwe no kwishyuza bateri no gusohora. Sisitemu yo gucunga microgrid icunga microgrid yose. Abahuza A, B, na C bose bagenzurwa na sisitemu yo gucunga microgrid kandi irashobora gukorera mu birwa byitaruye. Mugabanye imizigo idakomeye ukurikije amashanyarazi buri gihe kugirango ukomeze ituze rya microgrid nigikorwa cyiza cyumutwaro wingenzi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-10-2022
